System of automatic signaling for electric railways.



F1 TGWNSEND, DECD.

i 1. 1, TowNsEND, ADMlNxsTRAToR. SYSTEM 0F AUTOMATIC SIGNALNG FORELECTRIC RAILWAYS.

APPUCATIOH FXLED APR. 14. 1910.

Patene Nov. Q, 119MB.

2 SHEQTS-SHEET l.

WiTNE/SSS.

F. TOWNSEN, DECD.

1, 13 TowNsEND, ArmlmsmoaA SYSTEM 0F AUTOMTIC SIGNALING FOR ELECTRICRAILWAYS.

APPLwATmN FILED APR.14.1910.

1,159,733@ Pateute Nov. 9, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2. )1

THC-une..k

STATES JM., NEE? YORK.

QATENT QEEICE.

TG'NSENB, DEC'EASED, BY JOHN N. ASSIGNGR TO GENERAL RAIL'EVAY SGNALCOMPANY, A CORPORATION J. TOVNSEND. ADlVINISTRATOR, Of NIV SYSl-.Ely GFAUTDBATIC SIGNAING .FOR ELECTRIC RAILWAYS.

Join: .,l. Tinvxsilxo, estate of lii'rznenii eil.y a citizen ot theUnited "Yew York eity, county appl)Y Jfor a patent n new anni usetnlimprovements in iiot Automatic' Signaling for Filet i invented ha' saiilileeeasetl. of .e 'ollowir. is a spiailication. l nrention relates to aniethoil ot Conautoinatie liloek signals on electric the inethocl heiligespecially adapti, employing alternating Current to 'ate the ears. i Le.n nhowl of segregating the tratiie rails into plooi; sections and ottransmitting the pffiwer ou t 'fro-ni one liloel: seetion to lthe 't mayhe any one several well known 20 i i. iiotis ri`he rlrawings in thisspeeiiioation show the bonding coils segregatinet the hier; is lesrilieil in the previous applica- L o'j .lune li'th. 190i.

invention he employs a polyphase t as the sienaling euri-ent; two oftheals of this signaling current traverse tiinultane-fnisly tlievtratlierails, and are em- Vetl jointly. by means ot' a relay device ffionsireto polypliase but not. to single :io ,nts to .f {ontrol the signal.

t shown in the rlrawing the signecl in the Clear position when esephases op aate jointly. 'l'he pr ear on any bloei: se tion will shortenit t 3.5 eurrent olf one phase, thas cleenergizing the relay7 whieliis not lresponsive to singlephase, and allow the signal togo to thelanger position.

it possible in the invention tov employ 4U one or more of the phases oiEthe polyphase enrrent mentioned above to operate the ears. Thisparticular arrangement is the one shown in the drawings. lt. will beobvious,

to ani v one sxilleil in the art7 that the Cars e5 niet .t elesireiil,he operated from an) other The connect-ions of the power cireuit thenbeing as tlesorihetl in the applicain *tionetl above. One, of the mainowerer. of the niethofl oes that the A. C. trinsniission the powerourrenN may also cement required for signaling l. .l 7 s necessity ol anauxilueccatien of Letters Patent.

Iateniteil Nor. Si. i915.

V10. Serial No. 555.493.

(lne ot the features ol"l the invention that the power current cannei'er interfere with trie Control ol" the signal. The ilillerence ofpotential between trallie rails for nalinopurpoees set np at one eniloi" eaeh block. as in many s `Steins ot aiitoniatie bloeit signaling.is. in this case, of a different phase from that el the power ein-rent.and both this and a current o the same phase as the power current arerequired to operate the relay; either of such ein-rents alone beinginadequate to produce this result.

Figure l. is a diagram showing the sini` phase anti obtaining from it atwo-phase.

current, according to an)7 well known method. Fig. 2 shows a system inwhich the ears are operated hy ono-phase Jr'roni a twophase transmissionlino; the other phase lieing employed to iinpi s a tliiierenee ot'potential across the. trailie rails; at oneeinl of each block. Fig. Elis a iiiigrani illustrating the applieation ol the s i'stein to athreephase mail. ln this torni ot the invention there are twotransmission lines, whieh may he einviloyeil respectively to trans-initpower to the cars, anil to tarnish enrrent 'for sigtan'rent. The thirdphase is eoued to the traeli. '(lne of the phases 'loyetl to produce aiiitlerenee of potential between the trailie rails at one enil ol' eachbloeit. This current is ransinitieil along the two rails of everyhloelg. seelion. anrl at the relay enil oll thev liloelc it eonihines4with oui-rents troni the other phases lo produce a three-phase system.whieh is eni- .ployed to operate a relay; the short-eireuiting of thecurrent energizing the liloek. results in giving ya singlephase currentonlyY to the relay, thus fleenergizing it. llig. -l is a illagranishowing the application ol the in.-

ring eleetriealliv oonni'ieteil to the traeli rails,

ami the bonding mi i. il. 'i ig U f i ie meng ooi. A aie tonnen n iiymean.; oi' the conductor 2 Coil lllf) trailic rails and conductor 2.'

at thc ends of the block sections across the traliic rails C and D,which are divided up into block sections X, Y,Z. rl`he middle pointsotsaid bonding coils are connected together, in order to 'furnish a pathfor the power current. The construction ot' these bonding coils yis nota special lieature ot this invention, for the bonds used may be any ot'the well-known constructions suitable .for the purpose. rl`he.transformer l2 has its primary windingl energized from conductor l bymeans ot' conductor 3 The current from conductor l tlows throughconductor 3, through the winding F Ato the mul-ale pointot` the bondingcoil B, by means of conductor l; from there'this current returns to thealternator A by means ofthe The secondary winding (if ot' transformer edacross the bonding coil B by means of conductors 5 and (5` thusmaintaining a dit'- ference of potential across the traili'c rails ,Cand D at the end ot the block, at which the 'car leaves it. H is anadjustable inducta-nce for controllingjr the phase of the current. isa.relay l having a stationary rpolyphase eldJ and a. short circuitedrotor 1%.; said.

rotor carries a contact arm L, which controls the current supplied tothe signal sole noid M by the battery N. Une phase of said stator coil.J is supplied by means ot' the conductors 7 and 8. The current for thisyphase is drawn from the trolley wire l, through the adjustableresistance t), (which maybe employed to regulate the phase of thecurrent -through conductor S, through the stator winding', to conductor7 tothe middle point of the bonding coil'B. The current for ,the otherphase is supu ied by the difference ot potential existi g in the absenceof a car between the vtraliiI rails C, D, by means of conductors 9 andl0. ln this t'orm of the invention the resistance and the inductance Hare so adjustedthat a two-phase current is supplied to the stator J.This will normally produce a turning moment upon the rotor K, thuscontrolling the signal and maintaining it in the clear osition. Thepresence of a car on the block will shunt the current supplied by thetransformer E, so that only a single-phase currenty will be supplied tothe stator J, such single-v.

phase current will produce no turning moment. The arm L will fall -bygravity against its stop P, thus opening the circuit of the battery N,which Will'result-in a danger signal. Y

ln Fig. 2 the arrangement of the track circuit is the same `asviivrlFig. 1. is the power generator; supplied to the conductors l and3, which furnish the power junction with the other current phase, carnriad by the conductors 2 to .conductors l1 and l2.

*lay l is similai- F is connect- At the receiving end ot the block.

vance employed to .winding of the stator bonding coil one 'phase ofwhich is.

,that any desired voltagecurrent and act in conthe'signaling current.The transformer E iu this drawing' has its primary F energized Jfrom theconductors :Z and i. by means of rl`he secondary energi-zes the track asin Fig. l, by means ot' conductors and t3, passing `through theresistance (i, which may be employed to regulate the phases oi' thecurrent. The re in every respect to that shown in Fig. l and isconnectedby -conduetors T and S to the secondary R of the transformer Shaving` the primary T, which is encrll'ized Jfrom phases l and 3 bymeans ot conductors 13 and 14. 'lhis primary winding.' passes fromconductor l, through conductor l2l, through the. winding- 'll throughthe conductor lfl to the middle point 'of the bonding coil B and alongthe tratiio rails C, D, to conductor 3 and back to the generator. Theother phase of the stator J of the relay l is energized by curi-rentfurnished b v the dili'erence ot' potential, existing, in the absence ota rar upon the tratlic rails C, l); this current is supplied through theconductors i) and l0. The operation of this form ot' the invention isthe same as described in connection with Fig. l.

. In Fig. il the power generator is three phase; one phase is suppliedto the track circuit by means of conductor 3, which is connected to themiddle point ot' the bonding coil l. The Aother two phases aretransmitted alongthe conductors l and 2. The transformer ll has itsprimary F Venergized from conductor 2. The current leaves conductor 2,passes through conductor through the primary winding F, throughconductor 11, which is here connected to the middle point ot the bondingcoil B. The secondary (i energizes the track, being connected across thetratlic rails at the terminals of the bonding' coil B, by means ofconductors 5 and l. .Q is an adjustable resistregulate the phase of thecurrent supplied to the tratlic rails by the transformer E. The bondingcoil that the opposite end of the blocldcarries asecondary winding` U;one terminal ot' which is connected to the middle point ot' the bondingThe other terminal is connected by' coil. means of conductor 15 to apoint, on the J. V represents an auto transformerenergiaed so that itscurrent leaves conductor l, flows through conductor 1G, throughthewinding, through the conductor .17 to the middle point of the B,along the traliic rails'C, D, and Jfrom block section to block section,-back to the generator 18 is adjustably tapped on to some point of thewinding oi: the auto transformer Y, so may be obtained betweenconductors 3.7 and 1S. The points 19, 20 and El will new he bythree-phase eurrent'supplied to einem ay 'conductors i3,

to conductor 3. 'Conchiotor` `ployed it' desired. Vshown is the same 1nthese three diagrams,

rwill produce a rotary field, which will pro- K, holdduce a turningmoment of the rotor closed and ing the circuit of the battery Nresulting in a clear signal, provided no car is on the block. Thepresence of a car, however, will shunt away from the relay the currentsupplied by the transformer E, thus deenergizing conductor 15, andconverting the field of the stator J from a polyphase to a singlephasefield. This will reduce the turning moment to Zero and the cont-.1ct armL will t'all back so as to open the circuit of the battery N, resultingin a danger signal.

It will be noted in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 that the connections of thesecondaries ot' transformers to the track, are reversed in' alternateblock sections. rl`his reverses the direction of the turning moment ofthe relay, so that, in the event ot' the breaking ot an insulated jointbetween block sections, the signal will go to danger. It is deemedsutlicient to' show one way of accomplishingthis result, other methodscould obviously be em- Also the relay device except for the fact that inFig. 3 it is threephase, while it is two-phase in Figs. 1 and 2.

Fig. 1 shows the generator circuit, and the arrangement of thetransformer E and also the transmission lilies 1 and '2, arranged as inFig. 3. In this adaptation ot the invention, however, an autoltransformer V furnishes a current which combines with the currentfurnished by the transformer E to produce a three-phase system ofcurrents supplied by the conductors 1l 22 and l5 to the transformers lVand X. A diagram ot voltages supplied by conductors 1S. phase delta.rl`he secondaries `lr-and Z have their terminals reversed. with respectto each other, so that the conductors 23 and 24; which energize therelay, are,-at a dill'erence ot' potential, equal to that existingbetween conductors 18 and 22; for instance, multiplied by the squareroot of l-assuming a 1 to 1 ratio transformation in the transformers lVand X. If the secondary winding ll ot' the houding coil were to bedeenergized, the primary windings and 2G of the transformers lV and Xwould be connected in series with each other across a single phase; thesecondary windings Y, Z being reversed with respect to cach other, wouldthen ,f rlve an electro-motive torce beby one phase A, the track' 2? andl5 would furnish a three-- tween conductor-S23 and 24 equal to. zero,thus denergizing the relay and allowing the arm L to open the circuit ofthe battery N, resulting in a danger signal. This condition of affairswould be brought about by the presence of a car on a block section,which would shunt the current from the transformer E away from thebonding coil B at the opposite end of the block, reducing theelectro-motive force furnished by the winding U to zero. y

What is claimed as new is as follows:

1. A system ot' automatic block signaling comprising a source ofpolyphase current, a tracl-zway, means for segregating the trackway intoblock sections, means for impressing one phase from the polyphase sourceupon the trackway, a relay normally actuated by all of the phases fromthe polyphase source, one of the several phases normally actuating therelay being transmitted through the trackway, andv a car actuated fromsaid source.

A system of automatic block signaling comprising a trackway, lsegregating the trackway into block sections, means for impressing onephase from said source upon the tracluvay', a relay normally actuated bya plurality of phases from said source, one of `the phases normallyactuating the relay being transmitted through the trackwaj, and a .caractuated by one phase lfrom said source.

3. A system of automatic block signaling comprising a trackway, a sourceof alternating currents, trackway into block sections,- means forimpressingT a phase from said source upon the trackway, a rlay normallyactuated by a plurality of .phases derived from said source, one ot' thephases normally actuating the relay being transmitted through thetrackway, and a car actuated by a phase from said source, at least twoof the phases actuating the relay ditl'ering the car.

In testimony Whereof,-I allix my signature, in the presence ot twowitnesses.

, JOHN J. TOVNSFJND, Administrator of estate-0f Fz'thuf/Zz Toum- .s'eml,deceased.'

lVitnesses v JouN L. LY'r'rLE,

(l. L. lEuocIrmN.

a source'of alternating currents, means for means for segregating thefrom the phase actuating

